Tube-joint



Patented Jan.- 6, 1.885.

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(N Model.)

- C. E. EMERY.

TUB-B JOINT.

WITNESSS... @@25- Ioy AUl

NTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES E. EMERY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW' YORK.

'TUBE-JOINT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 310,264, dated January 6, 1885.

Application filed April if, 1691i.

To @ZZ whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, CnARLEs E. EMERY, ol' Brooklyn. Kings county, in the State of New York, (office in New York city,) have invented certain new and usel'ul improvements in the construction ofjoints between lengths oi" tube or pipe, or between pipes and their ittings, to form a continuous line of pipe; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the invention.

I will lirst describe the invention as applied 1o thejoining of the adjacent ends of two tubes to a stout connectingring ol" cast-iron, which incloses both and forms a rigid and reliable junction. I form the interior of such ring with an internal rib at the mid-length and 'for patent.

abut the nicely -turned end of each length of pipe against the said rib, one pipe end abutting against said rib on one side, and the other pipe abutting against said rib on the opposite side. rlhe interior ofthe ring is properly formed, each side of said rib to allow a tight junction of the pipe therewith to be produced by expanding. I propose to use the expander known as ])udgcons, with or without eertain modifications which I have invented and will make the subject of a separate application I form the outside ofthejunctionring with two ribs or re-enforces extending around in the planes where the greatest prcssure is exerted by the expander.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification, and represent what I consider the best means of carrying out the invention.

Figure l is a central longitudinal section showing the tube-joint complete before the expander is removed. Fig. 2 is a corresponding cross-section on the line x .fr in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a central longitudinal section through a modification. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through another modification.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all the figures.

A is a length of thin iron tubing, which I will assume to be of considerable diametersay from six to twelve inches-and of only a quarter of an inch thickness. It may form the last of a series previouslyjoined.

B is another similar tube to be joined to A to form a continuous line of pipe.

(No model.)

C is a stout ring of east-irou or other snitable material, in which both tubes A and B are to be received and rigidly and tightly confined.

C/ C are external ribs.

C? is an internal rib.

C Ct, Ci C* are swells or broad shallow ribs extending around in the position represented. The spaces between GS and Care marked c c, and are smoothly rounded, as shown in Fig. l. I form the `junction by the aid of a device analogous to a Dudgeon expander operated by a mandrel having a tubular extension in the line of the axis of the tube, and which is operated from the outside.

D is themandrel, and D a portion of the extension therefrom.

rlhe rollers are mounted within a housing or frame, K, which is connected by the ring J' and screw-pins j to a ring, I', to which is rigidly connected a stationary tube, I, which is mounted around the mandrel I) and its extension D@ and extending the whole length of the tube Il.

I attach much importance to the internal rib, (I, .receiving the ends ofthe tubes Aand ll. It serves as a gage to hold the tubes in place, and also as a iirm abutment to relieve the oblique surfaces of the expanded parts from strain due to cndthrusts on the pipes. I propose to use these joints in steanrheating where there is considerable compressive force exerted on the several lengths of pipe by the pressure of the steam in expansion-joints of larger diameter which are introduced at fre quent intervals. I also attach importance to the external webs or ribs, j, and to their location. They re-enforce the ring O at the points where the great strain is impressed in the act of expanding. By this eonstructiona relatively light ring, C, may serve to resist the great expansive force impressed in the act of setting the tube and continued by the presence of the expanded tube on the interior, and the high pressure of steam or other iiuid to which it maybe subjected. The inner surface of the ring or rings C is formed with ridges C3 C", alternating with cavities or recesses, into which latter the metal of the tubes is forced by the powerful distending force exerted by the rollers. The rollers also give a IOO general conical forni to the tube ends, as shown. Vhen the tubes are firmly set, the abutment of the end of each tube squarely against the internal ring, C2, holds the parts strongly in position against displacement relatively to each other in one direction, and the conical form of the tube end bearing against the general inner surface of the ring or rings l efliciently resists displacement of the parts `[o relatively to each other in the opposite direction. Y. The ring or rings C are longer than their bearings on the tubes A and B. A considerable calkingspace, c', is provided between each tube and the ring. This may be left empty, and the joint may serve success` fully; but I prefer in most eases to utilize this space as follows: I provide a wroughtiron ring, T, matching loosely around each tube A and B, of such thickness as may be eas- 2o ily forced into the space c around the tube.

Before bringing the ring T into position I crowd into the space c a paste or cement, E, composed of iron filings or turnings, or both', wetted with a solution of sal-ammoniac in water. A quantity of this paste is ealked into the space, then the ring T is brought into position, and more paste applied and calked. The resulting rust-joint conduces greatly to the tightness of the joint, and also tothe stift 3o ness with which the two tubes are connected to the ring or rings C, and consequently to each other. In case the tubes are liable to be de'lected, so as to greatly strain the joint after the latter is made, I can delay the forming of the rust-joint until the tubes are in their tinal position. Then sufficient space being left for access with proper tools, the ringT andthe paste are brought into position and calked tightly into the recess, with the effect to mechanically sustain the parts firmly in their position and to e't'eetuall y prevent any possible leak of steam or other fluid througlrthe joint. TheY iron ring T imparts an increased stability and stiffness to the joint.

I5 In Fig. 3 I have shown the ends of the re spective tubes evpandedV into,V separate rings instead of different parts of the same ring. These two rings are marked by the same letter as the single ring in the other figures.

5o The ilanges G contribute to t-he stiffness and strength of the ring, although not situated, like the ribs C, directly in the plane of the distending force exerted by the expansion. This figure shows the application of a portion of my invention, the flanges being secured t0- gether by bolts or other approved means. Packing may be introduced between the ilanges. In this form of the invention, asin the other, the internal ribs, C2, receive the abutting force ofthe tubes A B. They relieve the oblique expansioirsurfaees from the strain due to the end-thrust of the tubes.

The tool by which the joint is formed will be made the subject of a separate application for patent. i

Variations may be made in many of the details without departing from the principle er sacrificing all the advantages of the invention. The whole cavity c may be filled with corro sive cement instead of employing the iron ring T.

I claimM I. In a tubejoint, in combination with the tubes A B, a coupling-ringY having an internal annular rib, ci, against which the ends ol' the said pipes abut, and having internal annular rounded recesses, c, into which the Inaterial of the pipes is forced by expandingrollers, as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a tube-joint, the combination, with the pipes A B, of a coupling-ring having in` ternal annular recesses, as c, into which the pipe material is forced by expanding-rollers, and having re-enforcing external ribs to correspond with such recesses and withstand the pressure, the pipes A B abutting against an internal annular rib formed-in the coupling, as set forth.

S. The ring C, having the re-enforees C on the exterior and the internal recesses, c. and central internal abutting-rib, C2, in combination with the two tubes A B, and joined tightly thereto by the expansion of the tubes, all substantially as and for the purposes herein specified.

4. The ring C, having the calking-spaces c c', in combination with the tubes A B, the paste Il, and rings T, as and forthe purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, at NewYork city, N. Y., this 23d day of April, 1883, in the presence ot' two subscribing witnesses.

Witne'sses:

.Teun C. Lnwis, G. lliure-n.1. 

